Ithaca Double Barrel Shotguns: History & Restoration

Ithaca Gun Company produced Ithaca double-barrel shotguns in United States. Lefever Arms Company influenced the designs and mechanics of Ithaca double-barrel shotguns. Many shooters and collectors consider Flues Model to be first model of Ithaca double-barrel shotguns. Classic Double Guns specializes in restoration and repair of Ithaca double-barrel shotguns.

Ever heard of a shotgun that’s more than just a tool? One that’s a piece of American history, a testament to craftsmanship, and a head-turner at the range? Well, let’s talk about Ithaca Gun Company.

Ithaca isn’t just another name in the firearms world; it’s a brand synonymous with quality and innovation. For decades, they’ve been churning out some of the most revered shotguns, and they’ve made their mark with their groundbreaking designs.

And it’s not just about the past, folks. The charm of Ithaca shotguns lives on. Collectors drool over them, shooting enthusiasts swear by them, and there’s just something about owning a piece of Ithaca history that feels… right.

So, what’s on the menu today? We’re diving into the heart of Ithaca’s legacy. From their humble beginnings to their most iconic models and the quirks that make them special, we’re going to explore the world of Ithaca shotguns. Buckle up; it’s going to be a fun ride!

A History Forged in Ithaca, New York

• From Humble Beginnings to Shooting Star

  Let’s rewind the clock! The Ithaca Gun Company wasn’t born overnight. It emerged from a collaborative effort, initially known as the “Ithaca Gun Works” back in 1880. Think of it as a group of passionate gunsmiths getting together, fueled by dreams of crafting the finest firearms, with William Henry Baker, a name synonymous with early American firearms innovation, at the helm.

• Why Ithaca? More Than Just a Name

  But why Ithaca, New York? Well, picture this: It wasn’t just a random pin on the map. Ithaca was a hub of manufacturing and skilled labor at the time, with a burgeoning community of artisans, engineers, and machinists. The location offered access to key resources, transportation routes, and a culture that valued quality craftsmanship. Ithaca became part of the brand’s DNA. The city’s identity was intertwined with the company’s, and it played a significant role in shaping the character of Ithaca guns. The availability of skilled labor in Ithaca also helped cement its status. It fostered a community of gunsmiths and craftsmen dedicated to the art of firearm manufacturing.

• Milestones and Pivotal Moments

  Fast forward through the years, and you’ll find a series of milestones that shaped Ithaca into the company we know. There were periods of incredible innovation, like the introduction of the Flues Model, a design that set a new standard for double-barreled shotguns. But there were also times of change, like shifts in ownership and evolving market demands. Each milestone added another layer to Ithaca’s rich story. Innovation was a recurring theme. Ithaca engineers were constantly pushing the boundaries of shotgun technology, resulting in ground-breaking designs and improvements.

• Riding the Waves: Challenges and Transitions

  Of course, no story is complete without a few bumps in the road. Ithaca faced its share of challenges, from economic downturns to evolving consumer tastes. The company navigated through World Wars, adapting to wartime production needs, and later had to contend with increased competition from overseas manufacturers. These transitions tested Ithaca’s resilience but also spurred periods of reinvention and adaptation.

The Masterminds Behind the Guns: Key Figures

Every great story has its heroes, and the tale of the Ithaca Gun Company is no exception. While the shotguns themselves are works of art, it’s the visionaries and skilled craftsmen behind them who truly shaped the company’s destiny. Let’s meet a few of the key players who helped make Ithaca a legend.

Dwight Barr: The Steady Hand

Think of Dwight Barr as the rock of Ithaca. He wasn’t necessarily flashy, but his leadership and business acumen were crucial to the company’s long-term success. Barr understood the importance of quality and reliability, and he made sure those values were reflected in every Ithaca shotgun. He wasn’t just running a business; he was building a legacy.

Louis Crass: The Design Innovator

Now, let’s talk about Louis Crass. This guy was a genius when it came to design and manufacturing. He had a knack for figuring out how to make things better, stronger, and more efficient. Crass’s fingerprints are all over Ithaca’s most iconic models, and his innovations helped set Ithaca apart from the competition.

Daniel Myron Lefever: The Early Spark

Before Ithaca became Ithaca, there was Daniel Myron Lefever. Lefever wasn’t directly part of Ithaca Gun’s long-term story, his early innovations in shotgun design laid some of the groundwork for what Ithaca would become. His influence on early shotgun development in America is undeniable.

And Many More…

Of course, the story of Ithaca is bigger than just these three individuals. There were countless other engineers, craftsmen, and businesspeople who contributed their talents and dedication to the company. While their names may not be as well-known, their impact is just as important. They were the unsung heroes who helped build Ithaca into the legend it is today.

Iconic Ithaca Models: A Closer Look

Let’s dive into the heart of what makes Ithaca shotguns so special: the models themselves. Each one has its own story to tell, and understanding their nuances is key to appreciating the Ithaca legacy.

The Flues Model: A Common Classic

The Flues Model is often the first Ithaca shotgun people encounter. It’s like the friendly neighborhood gun – you see it around, and there’s a good reason for that. It was Ithaca’s bread and butter for years!

• Characteristics and Variations: Think of the Flues as the everyman’s Ithaca. They came in various gauges (12, 16, 20, even some smaller ones), barrel lengths, and grades, but the defining feature is its action. However, it has its weakness. While pioneering its time (made from 1908 to 1926), with more rigorous smokeless powder, the Flues became known for potentially getting loose. Its action was not as robust as later designs.
• Why It’s Historically Important: Despite its age, the Flues is still a piece of shooting history. They’re relatively affordable, readily available and represent a significant era in American shotgun manufacturing. Don’t count it out though! For many people, they have been maintained and are still fantastic for recreational purposes.

The NID (New Ithaca Double): Innovation and Improvement

The NID, or New Ithaca Double, arrived on the scene to address some of the Flues’ shortcomings. Think of it as Ithaca listening to their customers and saying, “We can do better!”

• Design Changes and Improvements: The NID brought a beefier, more robust action, designed to handle heavier loads and stand the test of time. They also made improvements to the lockwork and overall durability. It’s like the Flues went to the gym and came back stronger!
• Transition and Impact: The NID marked a turning point for Ithaca. It solidified their reputation for quality and innovation, and it became a favorite among serious shooters and hunters. Production lasted for quite a long time from 1926 to 1948.

Understanding Ithaca Grades: Quality and Collectibility

Ever wondered what those numbers and letters stamped on an Ithaca shotgun mean? That’s the grade, and it tells you a lot about the gun’s features and level of embellishment.

• Different Grades Explained: Ithaca used a grading system (Grade 1, Grade 2, etc.) to denote the level of fit, finish, and engraving on their shotguns. Higher grades meant fancier wood, more intricate engraving, and extra attention to detail. Think of it like trim levels on a car – base model vs. fully loaded!
• Distinguishing Features: A Grade 4 might feature elaborate game scenes engraved on the receiver, while a Grade 1 would be more plain and functional. Wood quality also significantly impacts value . Check for highly figured walnut on higher-grade models.
• Impact on Value and Collectibility: Naturally, higher-grade Ithaca shotguns are generally more valuable and sought after by collectors. Condition is everything! A high-grade gun in excellent condition can fetch a significant premium.

Ejectors vs. Extractors: Functionality and Preference

This is a key difference that affects how you use your Ithaca shotgun.

• Ejectors vs. Extractors: An extractor simply lifts the spent shell out of the chamber, requiring you to manually remove it. An ejector, on the other hand, kicks the shell out with force, speeding up the reloading process.
• Impact on Functionality: Ejectors are great for fast-paced shooting situations like bird hunting, while extractors are more traditional and often preferred by target shooters.
• Ithaca Models and Options: Some Ithaca models offered both ejector and extractor options, while others were only available with one or the other. The NID typically featured automatic ejectors.

Decoding Serial Numbers: A Key to Identification

The serial number is your Ithaca’s birth certificate, and it can tell you a lot about its history.

• Importance of Serial Numbers: Serial numbers are crucial for identifying the year of manufacture, model, and other important details about your Ithaca shotgun. It’s like a VIN number for guns!

• Resources and Guidance: Fortunately, there are resources available online and in books that can help you decode Ithaca serial numbers. Many dedicated Ithaca collectors love helping out others!

  Looking up an Ithaca serial number is usually not as straightforward as firearms made today. Many records were lost, so the more information you can obtain the better.

Customization and Features: Tailoring the Ithaca Experience

Ithaca Gun Company wasn’t just about churning out standard shotguns; they understood that a shotgun is a personal thing. That’s why they offered a delightful array of customization options to make your Ithaca truly your Ithaca. Let’s dive into some of the ways you could tailor your shooting experience.

Forend Styles: Beavertail vs. Splinter

Ah, the forend – where your leading hand makes its home! You’ve got two main styles to consider: the beavertail and the splinter. The beavertail is wider, offering a more substantial grip and better recoil absorption – think of it as the comfy couch of forends. Splinter forends are slim and sleek and offer a more traditional feel, perfect for those who prefer a minimalist approach. Ergonomically, it boils down to personal preference. Some shooters swear by the full grip of the beavertail, while others love the lithe feel of the splinter. The popularity of each style has ebbed and flowed through the years, but both remain classic choices.

Stock Styles: Ergonomics and Aesthetics

The stock is the backbone of your shotgun, impacting both your aim and the overall look. Ithaca offered different stock styles, most notably Pistol Grip and Straight Grip (also known as English grip).

• Pistol Grips offer a more natural wrist angle, often preferred for field shooting and hunting. They can enhance control and recoil management.
• Straight Grips provide a classic, elegant aesthetic. Some find they allow for quicker shouldering and smoother transitions.

Again, ergonomics and aesthetics go hand in hand. A pistol grip might feel more secure for some, while a straight grip screams old-school charm.

Barrel Lengths: Purpose and Performance

Barrel length affects everything from swing dynamics to shot velocity. Common lengths for Ithaca shotguns include 26, 28, 30, and 32 inches. Shorter barrels (26-28 inches) are generally favored for upland bird hunting due to their maneuverability in tight cover. Longer barrels (30-32 inches) are often preferred for waterfowl hunting and target shooting, offering a longer sight radius and potentially smoother swing. A longer barrel doesn’t necessarily mean greater range, but it can influence how the shotgun handles and points.

Choke Systems: Controlling the Shot Pattern

Chokes are like adjustable nozzles for your shotgun, controlling the spread of your shot pattern. Common choke constrictions include Full, Modified, Improved Cylinder, and Skeet.

• Full Choke: Tightest pattern, for long-range shots.
• Modified Choke: A good all-around choice, offering a balance of range and spread.
• Improved Cylinder Choke: Wider pattern, ideal for close-range targets.
• Skeet Choke: Widest pattern, designed for very close-range shooting on a skeet field.

The tighter the choke, the longer the effective range, but the smaller the pattern. Choosing the right choke is crucial for maximizing your chances of hitting the target.

Engraving Patterns: Artistry in Steel

Many Ithaca shotguns weren’t just firearms, but also works of art. The engraving patterns ranged from simple scrollwork to elaborate scenes of game birds and hunting dogs. More elaborate engraving added significantly to the value and collectibility of the shotgun. Keep your eyes peeled for factory versus aftermarket embellishments when it comes to engraving.

Ventilated Ribs: Functionality and Design

A ventilated rib runs along the top of the barrel, serving multiple purposes.

1. Reducing glare: The matte finish of the rib helps minimize glare, improving sight picture.
2. Dissipating heat: The ventilation helps cool the barrel during rapid firing.
3. Aiding in aiming: The rib provides a clear reference point for consistent aiming.

While primarily functional, a well-designed ventilated rib also adds a touch of elegance to the shotgun’s overall appearance.

Single Selective Trigger (SST): A Modern Convenience

The Single Selective Trigger (SST) allows the shooter to choose which barrel fires first with a simple flick of a switch. This added a level of versatility and convenience to double-barreled shotguns, enabling shooters to adapt to different shooting scenarios without manually switching barrels. Not all Ithaca shotguns featured an SST, but those that did were often highly sought after.

Manufacturing and Historical Context: Tracing the Production Timeline

Ever wondered when your Ithaca was actually *born? Or how the company itself changed over the decades?* Well, buckle up, history buffs and gun geeks! This section is all about getting down and dirty with the when, where, and how Ithaca shotguns came to be. We’re not just talking pretty wood and shiny barrels here; we’re digging into the nitty-gritty of the company’s journey through time.

Key Manufacturing Periods: Changes and Evolution

Let’s break down the Ithaca timeline into digestible chunks. Think of it like the different seasons of a TV show, each with its own vibe and plot twists.

• The Early Days (Late 19th – Early 20th Century): The “wild west” of gun manufacturing! Expect innovation, growing pains, and the forging of a brand. We’ll look at the company’s initial focus, the challenges of establishing itself, and the early models that set the stage. This is where the Ithaca legend begins!

• The Flues Era (Early 20th Century): The Flues Model dominated production. This period represents the height of Ithaca’s early popularity and market share. How did Ithaca manage to produce so many of these shotguns? We’ll explore the manufacturing techniques and the impact of this high-volume production on the company.

• The NID Era (Mid-20th Century): Big changes! Ithaca introduces the New Ithaca Double (NID), a significant departure from earlier designs. What prompted this shift? What improvements did the NID bring to the table? This is where Ithaca starts to really flex its engineering muscles.

• Post-War and Transition (Late 20th Century): The firearms market changes. Ithaca adapts (or tries to). Expect shifts in ownership, potential dips in quality, and a struggle to stay relevant. This era often sees cost-cutting measures and attempts to diversify the product line.

• Modern Ithaca (21st Century): A new chapter. The company is resurrected (multiple times!). We’ll examine recent ownership changes, the focus on specific models, and the efforts to recapture the Ithaca magic. Can the new Ithaca live up to the legacy of the old?

We’ll highlight the major changes in ownership, manufacturing processes, and even the design philosophies that shaped each of these periods. Did a new owner bring fresh ideas? Did a shift in technology lead to better (or worse) production methods? These are the questions we’ll be answering.

Patent Dates: Understanding Innovation

Patents are like little time capsules of ingenuity! They tell us exactly when and how Ithaca improved its shotgun designs.

• Highlight Significant Patents: We’ll call out the most important patents associated with Ithaca shotguns. What problems were these patents trying to solve?

• Explain the Innovations: We’ll break down the technical jargon and explain, in plain English, what these patents actually did. Did they improve the strength, reliability, or handling of the shotguns?

• Impact on Shotgun Technology: Finally, we’ll consider the broader impact of these innovations. Did they influence other gunmakers? Did they set new standards for shotgun design? Ithaca wasn’t just building guns; they were pushing the boundaries of what was possible!

By diving into these patent dates, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the engineering brilliance that went into making Ithaca shotguns so special. It’s like unlocking a secret code to understand the evolution of these firearms!

Collecting and Research: Diving Deeper into Ithaca Lore

So, you’ve caught the Ithaca bug, huh? Welcome to the club! Owning an Ithaca is just the beginning. The real fun starts when you begin to unravel the stories behind these beautiful pieces of firearm history. It’s like becoming a detective, only instead of solving crimes, you’re tracing the lineage of a classic American shotgun. Let’s explore how to dive even deeper!

Notable Collectors and Researchers: The Experts

Every field has its gurus, and the world of Ithaca shotguns is no different. These are the folks who’ve dedicated countless hours to studying, documenting, and preserving Ithaca’s legacy. While I can’t name everyone (there are just so many passionate people!), keep an eye out for prominent names in publications, forums, and collector circles. Their contributions are invaluable, and their expertise can save you from making costly mistakes – like thinking that “Grade 4” you found on Craigslist is actually a Grade 4. Ouch!

Online Forums and Communities: Connecting with Enthusiasts

The internet is a treasure trove, and when it comes to Ithaca shotguns, it’s like finding a chest full of gold doubloons! There are several bustling online forums and communities where collectors and enthusiasts gather to share knowledge, ask questions, and show off their prized possessions. These platforms are fantastic resources for:

• Identifying specific models and grades.
• Troubleshooting issues (because even classics need a little TLC sometimes).
• Finding parts and accessories.
• Connecting with other passionate collectors!

A quick Google search for “Ithaca shotgun forum” or “Ithaca collectors group” will point you in the right direction. Be prepared to lose a few hours (or days!) browsing through the wealth of information available. It’s that addictive.

Essential Books and Articles: Expanding Your Knowledge

While online resources are great, nothing beats curling up with a good book (or a stack of them!) to delve into the history of Ithaca shotguns. Look for books and articles that cover:

• The company’s history and evolution.
• Detailed descriptions of different models and grades.
• Tips for collecting and restoring Ithaca shotguns.

These resources can provide a deeper understanding of the nuances of Ithaca shotguns and help you appreciate the craftsmanship and history behind them.

Accessing Ithaca Gun Company Records: Uncovering the Past

Want to take your research to the next level? Consider exploring the Ithaca Gun Company’s historical records. While access may be limited, these records can provide valuable insights into the production of specific shotguns, including:

• Original owner information.
• Custom features and specifications.
• Production dates and quantities.

Contacting historical societies or archives in the Ithaca, New York area may lead you to these records. Imagine discovering the original bill of sale for your shotgun!

Further Resources: Continuing the Journey

The journey of collecting and researching Ithaca shotguns is a never-ending adventure. Here are some additional resources to fuel your passion:

• Museums: Visit museums with firearms collections to see Ithaca shotguns on display.
• Historical Societies: Connect with historical societies in the Ithaca area to learn more about the company’s local history.
• Gun Shows: Attend gun shows to network with other collectors and find rare Ithaca shotguns.

So, there you have it – a roadmap to diving deeper into the world of Ithaca shotguns. Happy hunting, and remember to share your discoveries with the rest of us!

So, whether you’re a seasoned collector or just starting to appreciate classic shotguns, the Ithaca double barrel models definitely offer something special. They’re more than just firearms; they’re pieces of American history you can hold in your hands. Happy shooting!